Impact of Ginger and Propolis-Enriched Diets on the Immune System of Japanese Quail: An In-depth Analysis

Alallam Belqasem Alallam Abdulhamid; Buthuynah Massoud Alraeboub; Ramadan Daw Mohamed; Ammnah Salim Qareerah

المؤلفون

Alallam Belqasem Alallam Abdulhamid Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Bani Waleed University, Bani Walid, Libya مؤلف
Buthuynah Massoud Alraeboub Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Bani Waleed University, Bani Walid, Libya مؤلف
Ramadan Daw Mohamed Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Bani Waleed University, Bani Walid, Libya مؤلف
Ammnah Salim Qareerah Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Bani Waleed University, Bani Walid, Libya مؤلف

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Immune System، Ginger، Propolis، Enriched Diets، Japanese Quail

الملخص

The immune system plays a vital role in protecting organisms from various infectious agents. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential of natural products to enhance immune function. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ginger and propolis-enriched diets on the immune system of Japanese quail. A total of 100 quails were divided into four groups and fed with different diets: control diet, ginger-enriched diet, propolis-enriched diet, and a combination of ginger and propolis-enriched diet. The immune parameters were assessed, including antibody production, phagocytic activity, and cytokine levels.

This study provides compelling evidence that the inclusion of ginger and propolis in the diets of Japanese quail has a positive impact on their immune system. The enhanced antibody production, phagocytic activity, and increased levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ suggest improved humoral and cellular immune responses.

Results indicated that quails fed with ginger and propolis-enriched diets exhibited enhanced immune responses compared to those on the control diet. The antibody production, measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), showed a significant increase in the ginger and propolis-enriched diet groups. Additionally, the phagocytic activity of immune cells was significantly higher in the treatment groups. Cytokine analysis revealed elevated levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the ginger and propolis-enriched diet groups, indicating enhanced cellular immune responses. These findings highlight the potential of ginger and propolis as natural immunomodulators for poultry.