Study of Hypoalbumina Between Kidney Failure, Diabetic Patients and Healthy People in Gharyan City: A Descriptive Study

الملخص

Albumin is the main protein found in the blood, and is the most abundant protein. It is manufactured in the liver and is a major factor in preventing blood fluids from leaking from the blood vessels to the body's tissues, as well as a link to vital compounds in the bloodstream and transporting them to the body's organs. However, a deficiency in the level of albumin in the bloodstream leads to increased permeability of the blood vessels, which leads to inflammation in the body and chronic liver disease or chronic kidney failure and some other diseases, and results in symptoms, the most important of which are swelling in the feet and face. This study was conducted to compare the deficiency of protein albumin in the blood by conducting a serum albumin analysis at Gharyan Central Hospital. This study included 90 cases divided into 30 cases with kidney failure, 30 cases with diabetes, and 30 healthy cases (control group), with ages ranging from 18 years to 80 years in the period from 3/2/2020 to 12/1/2021. The results obtained were compared using statistical methods, which showed through P-values that there is a weak direct relationship between age and albumin levels in people with kidney failure and healthy people (albumin levels increase with age), and also a weak inverse relationship between age and albumin levels in diabetes (albumin levels decrease with age). The results also showed significant differences, meaning that there is a difference between the average albumin levels in the three groups (kidney failure, diabetes, healthy people) by comparing the results obtained with the reference values, as it was found that the albumin levels in kidney failure were all at the reference value, while in diabetic patients and the healthy group, most of the readings were at the reference value for albumin.