The Behavior of Adsorption and Thermodynamic For Removing Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Silicon Powder

Abstract

The widespread use of dyes has led to an increase in their presence in the environment through industrial wastewater discharges, causing water pollution. Getting rid of them at the lowest possible cost has become a focus of research, leading to the use of silicon powder to treat water contaminated with industrial dyes by adsorption. This study focused on removing methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions at different initial concentrations (5-25 ppm) using varying weights of (0.2-1.5 g) at different pH values ​​and temperatures (25-60°C). The results showed that the silicon powder achieved the maximum level of methylene blue (MB) dye removal at an initial concentration of 10 ppm°C, using 0.4 grams of silicon powder at a temperature of 25 °C. The highest removal rate using silicon powder was also observed at a pH of 6. Applying the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin model confirmed that the R² value agrees with the Temkin model. The positive value of ΔH indicates that the process is endothermic and is classified as physical. The ΔS and ΔG values ​​indicate that the reaction is random and that adsorption occurs non-spontaneously. The study also showed that silicon powder is highly efficient at removing this dye from aqueous solutions. Furthermore, it possesses a large surface area for adsorption, making it an effective material for dye removal.